On February 1, Carlo Alberto wrote to Interior Minister that the King of Naples, giving his people a constitution, could not perform any act more fatal to the peace of Italy, also adds that he is firmly determined not to give anything . Two days after the board meets in conference composed of ministers and the king who though sadly agree to grant a constitution. After a long and difficult work, Carlo Alberto signed the statute. It was March 4, 1848.
analysis of the state:
SOME FEATURES OF THE STATE CONSTITUTION
the Albertine Statute marks the sunset of the absolute state and the emergence of a modern system of constitutional government. The powers are divided into legislative, executive and judiciary. The Legislature has the task of making laws, enforcing them and the executive and the judiciary which has as its purpose the implementation of justice. In an absolute state of these three powers are concentrated in one person that always leads to the loss or limitation of freedom of the citizens. The modern state is not only constitutional democracy that is organized so as to ensure the participation of the people the exercise of power. This is by electing representatives who enjoy the confidence and express the will of the people.
PAPER Ottria
A constitution can be conceived in two ways: it can be decided by a special constitutional assembly or bestowed by the sovereign, in this case is called Ottria. In the introduction, irrevocable expression is interpreted in various ways, but the exact interpretation and that of Cavour who says that the Constitution can be amended as needed. THE LEGISLATIVE POWER
Legislative power is exercised by the king and two chambers: the Chamber of Deputies and Senate. Senators are appointed by the king to life as the deputies are elected by the small and privileged group of citizens. Members may receive instructions from the voters, but are not required to follow them. They remain in office for five years. The formation of the laws is this: the proposed law, it shall be considered by the junta then be discussed and approved one-bedroom and transmitted to the other. After it has been proven by the two chambers, the law is presented to the king, who approves it and certifies the existence of the law. If the bill is rejected, the project can not be presented in the same session, one of the many periods that make up the legislature. MPs make use of certain privileges: they can not be prosecuted because of opinions expressed or votes cast and can not be arrested without the authorization of the respective rooms. They also do not receive any compensation for his service and if you do not have a personal income can not carry out parliamentary work.
THE EXECUTIVE POWER The executive power belongs to the king. The king is the supreme head of the which means that it was representative of himself. The king exercises this function together with the ministers, appointed and reversed it, which are responsible for the acts of the sovereign. The king is in fact free from any liability through the inviolability director.
the judiciary
age of absolutism, the king was the first judge of the kingdom, the magistrates were highly dependent on the sovereign royal officials, and now the statute says that the judges get the dismissal after three years of service, in practice it allows judges to carry out their duties independently. Tending other security to ensure free and fair administration of justice, the ability to follow by all jobs.
RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF CITIZENS
All the constitutions of modern states recognize the rights of citizens to freedom. In Europe the rights common to all men assert themselves for the first time in the "Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen." The most important steps are: human beings are born or who live free and equal in rights, freedom is being able to do everything that is not harmful to others, all citizens have the right to participate personally or through representatives to the formation of laws and no He must be disturbed in his opinions, freedom of thought is one of the most important rights. Some rights the statutes are: freedom individual is assured, no one can be arrested except in cases provided by law, the home is inviolable and the right of freedom of the press. These rights are recognized in the statutes, but not guaranteed and that is not the absolute inviolability of those rights.
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